Yadda Ake Zaɓan Madaidaicin 5-Axis Machining Centre don sassan Aerospace
PFT, Shenzhen
Abstract
Manufa: Don kafa tsarin yanke shawara mai iya maimaitawa don zaɓar cibiyoyin injinan axis 5 waɗanda aka keɓe don abubuwan haɗin sararin samaniya masu daraja. Hanyar: Haɗaɗɗen hanyoyin ƙira mai haɗawa 2020-2024 samarwa rajistan ayyukan daga shuke-shuken Tier-1 guda huɗu (n = 2 847 000 machining hours), gwajin yanke jiki akan Ti-6Al-4V da takaddun shaida na Al-7075, da samfurin yanke shawara da yawa (MCDM) yana haɗawa da bincike mai nauyi TOPSy. Sakamako: Ƙarfin juzu'i ≥ 45 kW, daidaitaccen 5-axis contouring daidaito ≤ ± 6 µm, da kuma ramuwa na kuskuren volumetric dangane da ramuwa mai ƙarfi na laser-tracker (LT-VEC) sun fito a matsayin mafi ƙarfi uku masu tsinkaya na daidaiton sashi (R² = 0.82). Cibiyoyin da ke da tebura mai nau'in cokali mai yatsa sun rage lokacin sakewa mara amfani da kashi 31% idan aka kwatanta da daidaitawar kai. Makin mai amfani na MCDM ≥ 0.78 yana da alaƙa tare da raguwar 22% a cikin juzu'i. Kammalawa: Yarjejeniya ta zaɓin matakai uku-(1) ƙididdiga na fasaha, (2) martaba na MCDM, (3) ingantacciyar hanyar gwaji - tana ba da raguwar ƙididdiga mai mahimmanci a cikin farashin marasa inganci yayin kiyaye bin AS9100 Rev D.
Manufa: Don kafa tsarin yanke shawara mai iya maimaitawa don zaɓar cibiyoyin injinan axis 5 waɗanda aka keɓe don abubuwan haɗin sararin samaniya masu daraja. Hanyar: Haɗaɗɗen hanyoyin ƙira mai haɗawa 2020-2024 samarwa rajistan ayyukan daga shuke-shuken Tier-1 guda huɗu (n = 2 847 000 machining hours), gwajin yanke jiki akan Ti-6Al-4V da takaddun shaida na Al-7075, da samfurin yanke shawara da yawa (MCDM) yana haɗawa da bincike mai nauyi TOPSy. Sakamako: Ƙarfin juzu'i ≥ 45 kW, daidaitaccen 5-axis contouring daidaito ≤ ± 6 µm, da kuma ramuwa na kuskuren volumetric dangane da ramuwa mai ƙarfi na laser-tracker (LT-VEC) sun fito a matsayin mafi ƙarfi uku masu tsinkaya na daidaiton sashi (R² = 0.82). Cibiyoyin da ke da tebura mai nau'in cokali mai yatsa sun rage lokacin sakewa mara amfani da kashi 31% idan aka kwatanta da daidaitawar kai. Makin mai amfani na MCDM ≥ 0.78 yana da alaƙa tare da raguwar 22% a cikin juzu'i. Kammalawa: Yarjejeniya ta zaɓin matakai uku-(1) ƙididdiga na fasaha, (2) martaba na MCDM, (3) ingantacciyar hanyar gwaji - tana ba da raguwar ƙididdiga mai mahimmanci a cikin farashin marasa inganci yayin kiyaye bin AS9100 Rev D.
1 Gabatarwa
Bangaren sararin samaniya na duniya yana hasashen ƙimar haɓakar kashi 3.4% na shekara-shekara a cikin samar da jiragen sama ta hanyar 2030, yana ƙaruwa da buƙatun titanium mai siffa da kayan aikin aluminum tare da juriya na geometric ƙasa da 10µm. Cibiyoyin injinan axis biyar sun zama fasaha mafi girma, duk da haka rashin ingantaccen tsarin zaɓe a cikin 18-34 % rashin amfani da 9 % matsakaita a duk wuraren da aka bincika. Wannan binciken yana magance tazarar ilimi ta hanyar tsara haƙiƙa, ƙa'idodin da aka yi amfani da bayanai don yanke shawarar siyan injin.
Bangaren sararin samaniya na duniya yana hasashen ƙimar haɓakar kashi 3.4% na shekara-shekara a cikin samar da jiragen sama ta hanyar 2030, yana ƙaruwa da buƙatun titanium mai siffa da kayan aikin aluminum tare da juriya na geometric ƙasa da 10µm. Cibiyoyin injinan axis biyar sun zama fasaha mafi girma, duk da haka rashin ingantaccen tsarin zaɓe a cikin 18-34 % rashin amfani da 9 % matsakaita a duk wuraren da aka bincika. Wannan binciken yana magance tazarar ilimi ta hanyar tsara haƙiƙa, ƙa'idodin da aka yi amfani da bayanai don yanke shawarar siyan injin.
2 Hanyar
2.1 Bayanin Zane
An karɓi ƙira mai bi da bi na matakai uku: (1) haƙar ma'adinan bayanan baya, (2) gwaje-gwajen mashin ɗin sarrafawa, (3) gini da inganci na MCDM.
An karɓi ƙira mai bi da bi na matakai uku: (1) haƙar ma'adinan bayanan baya, (2) gwaje-gwajen mashin ɗin sarrafawa, (3) gini da inganci na MCDM.
2.2 Tushen Bayanai
- Rajistar samarwa: Bayanan MES daga tsire-tsire huɗu, waɗanda ba a san su ba ƙarƙashin ka'idojin ISO/IEC 27001.
- Gwajin yankewa: 120 Ti-6Al-4V da 120 Al-7075 prismatic blanks, 100 mm × 100 mm × 25 mm, wanda aka samo daga tsari guda narke don rage bambance-bambancen kayan.
- Inventory na inji: 18 na kasuwanci akwai cibiyoyin 5-axis (nau'in cokali mai yatsa, mai juyawa, da kinematics matasan) tare da shekarun gini 2018-2023.
2.3 Saitin Gwaji
Duk gwaje-gwajen sun yi amfani da kayan aikin Sandvik Coromant iri ɗaya (Ø20 mm trochoidal ƙarshen niƙa, sa GC1740) da 7% emulsion mai sanyaya ambaliya. Simitocin tsari: vc = 90 m min⁻¹ (Ti), 350 m min⁻¹ (Al); fz = 0.15 mm hakori⁻¹; ina = 0.2D. An ƙididdige ingancin saman ta hanyar interferometry mai haske (Taylor Hobson CCI MP-HS).
Duk gwaje-gwajen sun yi amfani da kayan aikin Sandvik Coromant iri ɗaya (Ø20 mm trochoidal ƙarshen niƙa, sa GC1740) da 7% emulsion mai sanyaya ambaliya. Simitocin tsari: vc = 90 m min⁻¹ (Ti), 350 m min⁻¹ (Al); fz = 0.15 mm hakori⁻¹; ina = 0.2D. An ƙididdige ingancin saman ta hanyar interferometry mai haske (Taylor Hobson CCI MP-HS).
2.4 MCDM Model
An samo ma'aunin ma'auni daga Shannon entropy da aka yi amfani da shi zuwa rajistan ayyukan samarwa (Table 1). TOPSIS ya zaba madadin, ingantacciyar ta Monte-Carlo perturbation (10 000 iterations) don gwada azancin nauyi.
An samo ma'aunin ma'auni daga Shannon entropy da aka yi amfani da shi zuwa rajistan ayyukan samarwa (Table 1). TOPSIS ya zaba madadin, ingantacciyar ta Monte-Carlo perturbation (10 000 iterations) don gwada azancin nauyi.
3 Sakamako da Nazari
3.1 Maɓallin Ayyukan Ayyuka (KPIs)
Hoto na 1 yana misalta iyakar Pareto na ikon igiya da daidaiton juzu'i; injunan da ke cikin rundunonin hagu na sama sun sami ≥ 98 % daidaitaccen sashi. Tebur 2 yana ba da rahoton ƙididdiga na sake dawowa: ikon spindle (β = 0.41, p <0.01), daidaiton daidaituwa (β = -0.37, p <0.01), da wadatar LT-VEC (β = 0.28, p <0.05).
Hoto na 1 yana misalta iyakar Pareto na ikon igiya da daidaiton juzu'i; injunan da ke cikin rundunonin hagu na sama sun sami ≥ 98 % daidaitaccen sashi. Tebur 2 yana ba da rahoton ƙididdiga na sake dawowa: ikon spindle (β = 0.41, p <0.01), daidaiton daidaituwa (β = -0.37, p <0.01), da wadatar LT-VEC (β = 0.28, p <0.05).
3.2 Kwatancen Kanfigareshan
Teburan lanƙwasa nau'in cokali mai yatsa sun rage matsakaicin lokacin injina kowane fasali daga 3.2 min zuwa 2.2 min (95% CI: 0.8-1.2 min) yayin kiyaye kuskuren tsari <8 µm (Hoto 2). Na'urorin Swivel-head sun baje kolin zafin zafi na 11 µm sama da 4 hours ci gaba da aiki sai dai in sanye take da ramuwa ta zafi.
Teburan lanƙwasa nau'in cokali mai yatsa sun rage matsakaicin lokacin injina kowane fasali daga 3.2 min zuwa 2.2 min (95% CI: 0.8-1.2 min) yayin kiyaye kuskuren tsari <8 µm (Hoto 2). Na'urorin Swivel-head sun baje kolin zafin zafi na 11 µm sama da 4 hours ci gaba da aiki sai dai in sanye take da ramuwa ta zafi.
3.3 Sakamakon MCDM
Cibiyoyin da suka ci ≥ 0.78 akan ma'auni na kayan aiki masu haɗaka sun nuna raguwar 22 % raguwa (t = 3.91, df = 16, p = 0.001). Binciken hankali ya nuna ±5 % canji a cikin ma'aunin wutar lantarki da aka canza matsayi na kashi 11 kawai na madadin, yana mai tabbatar da ƙarfin ƙira.
Cibiyoyin da suka ci ≥ 0.78 akan ma'auni na kayan aiki masu haɗaka sun nuna raguwar 22 % raguwa (t = 3.91, df = 16, p = 0.001). Binciken hankali ya nuna ±5 % canji a cikin ma'aunin wutar lantarki da aka canza matsayi na kashi 11 kawai na madadin, yana mai tabbatar da ƙarfin ƙira.
4 Tattaunawa
Mallakar ƙarfin sandal ɗin ya yi daidai da babban juzu'i na roughing na alloys titanium, yana tabbatar da ƙirar tushen makamashi na Ezugwu (2022, shafi 45). Ƙimar da aka ƙara na LT-VEC tana nuna canjin masana'antar sararin samaniya zuwa ga masana'antu "lokacin farko" a ƙarƙashin AS9100 Rev D. Iyakoki sun haɗa da mayar da hankali kan binciken akan sassan prismatic; Geometries na bakin ciki-bangon turbine-blade na iya ba da fifikon abubuwan da ba a kama su ba. A zahiri, ƙungiyoyin sayayya yakamata su ba da fifikon ƙa'idar matakai uku: (1) tace ƴan takara ta hanyar KPI, (2) yi amfani da MCDM, (3) inganta tare da tafiyar matukin jirgi mai kashi 50.
5 Kammalawa
Ingantacciyar ƙa'ida ta ƙididdiga wacce ke haɗa ma'auni na KPI, MCDM mai nauyi mai nauyi, da ingantaccen aikin matukin jirgi yana ba masana'antun sararin samaniya damar zaɓar cibiyoyin injin axis 5 waɗanda ke rage raguwa da ≥ 20% yayin saduwa da buƙatun AS9100 Rev D. Ya kamata aikin gaba ya tsawaita saitin bayanai don haɗawa da CFRP da Inconel 718 abubuwan haɗin gwiwa da haɗa nau'ikan tsadar rayuwa.
Ingantacciyar ƙa'ida ta ƙididdiga wacce ke haɗa ma'auni na KPI, MCDM mai nauyi mai nauyi, da ingantaccen aikin matukin jirgi yana ba masana'antun sararin samaniya damar zaɓar cibiyoyin injin axis 5 waɗanda ke rage raguwa da ≥ 20% yayin saduwa da buƙatun AS9100 Rev D. Ya kamata aikin gaba ya tsawaita saitin bayanai don haɗawa da CFRP da Inconel 718 abubuwan haɗin gwiwa da haɗa nau'ikan tsadar rayuwa.
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-19-2025
